Law Glossary
Hi, my name is Jade Merette, I'm 18 years old and I have been studying Paralegal Technology for the past two years at Ahuntsic College in Montreal. I would eventually like to go to university in the same field of study and become a lawyer. Paralegal Technology covers various areas of law such as civil law, criminal law and business law. I made this glossary so it could help people to learn about my program and maybe even go in a program related to law if their interested in it.
- paralegal
- noun
- A person trained in subsidiary legal matters but not fully qualified as a lawyer.
- Example: She's a paralegal at Peskind Hymson & Goldstein.
- fr: parajuriste
- lawyer
- noun
- A person who practices or studies law; an attorney or a counselor.
- Example: He's a prominent criminal lawyer.
- fr: avocat
- civil law
- noun
- The system of law concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs.
- Example: I am currently investigating a civil law case regarding the distribution of property between two people that are divorcing.
- fr: droit civil
- criminal law
- noun
- A system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.
- Example: It is the function of the criminal law to punish.
- fr: droit pénal
- business law
- noun
- Business law is the law that governs what happens with commercial matters, and there are two main types: regulation of commercial entities and regulation of commercial transactions.
- Example: After she qualified as a lawyer, she decided to specialize in business law.
- fr: droit des affaires
- punitive damages
- noun
- Damages exceeding simple compensation and awarded to punish the defendant.
- Example: The jury awarded punitive damages.
- fr: dommages-intérêts punitifs
- tort
- noun
- A wrongful act or an infringement of a right (other than under contract) leading to civil legal liability.
- Example: A public nuisance is a crime as well as a tort.
- fr: délit
- acquittal
- noun
- A judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which the person has been charged.
- Example: The trial resulted in an acquittal.
- fr: acquittement
- admissible
- adjective
- Acceptable or valid, especially as evidence in a court of law.
- Example: The Court unanimously held that the hearsay was admissible.
- fr: admissible
- appeal
- verb
- Apply to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court.
- Example: He said he would appeal against the conviction.
- fr: appeler le jugement
- court
- noun
- A tribunal presided over by a judge, judges, or a magistrate in civil and criminal cases.
- Example: She will take the matter to court.
- fr: tribunal
- defendant
- noun
- An individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.
- Example: The defendant tried to claim that it was self-defense.
- fr: défendeur
- plaintiff
- noun
- A person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
- Example: The plaintiff commenced an action for damages.
- fr: demandeur
- evidence
- noun
- Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case in favor of one side or the other.
- Example: That will be used in evidence against her.
- fr: preuve
- contract
- noun
- A written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning employment, sales, or tenancy, that is intended to be enforceable by law.
- Example: Write, sign a contract.
- fr: contrat
- judge
- noun
- A public official appointed to decide cases in a court of law.
- Example: The trial judge.
- fr: juge
- judgment
- noun
- A decision of a court or judge.
- Example: The Supreme Court upheld the judgment of the Alberta Court of Appeal.
- fr: jugement
- sequester
- verb
- Take legal possession of (assets) until a debt has been paid or other claims have been met.
- Example: The power of courts to sequester the assets of unions.
- fr: séquestrer
- sentence
- noun
- The punishment assigned to a defendant found guilty by a court, or fixed by law for a particular offense.
- Example: Her husband is serving a three-year sentence for fraud.
- fr: sentence
- witness
- noun
- A person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, take place.
- Example: I was called as a witness.
- fr: témoin
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